000			nab a22 4500
999			_c86583 _d86583
008			190211b xxu||||| |||| 00| 0 eng d
082			_a574/Wil
100			_aWilliamson,James
245			_aWhat's Behind That Smile: Using Analogies, Facial Expressions, and Special Senses to Demonstrate the Interactions Between Body Systems in Anatomy and Physiology Lab Classes
300			_aP.661-667
520			_aHuman anatomy and physiology classes for pre-nursing students at Gordon State College are taught using the body systems approach, focusing on one organ system in each learning unit. The body systems approach does not always generate a deeper understanding of the interdependence of organ systems. To address this issue we developed an analogy-based lab activity consisting of four modules (Module 1, cranial bone markings; Module 2, cranial nerves; Module 3, facial and neck muscles; and Module 4, inter-relationships that produce common activities, such as smiling, frowning, chewing, olfaction, vision, eyeball movements, gustation, etc.). Unlike traditional lab exercises that follow the body systems approach, this set of lab activities can emphasize the specific interactions between body systems for common body functions, such as smiling. This linking method utilizes a number of the hands-on lab activities featuring text, diagrams, and models. Assessment of these activities demonstrates that students can effectively learn the relationships between different organ systems by using a series of lab activities that emphasize creativity and fun.
650			_aPre nursing students
650			_amodular system approach
650			_a linking organ system interaction
650			_aanalogy
650			_aeffector functions
650			_aFacial muscles
650			_acranial nerves
700			_aLee, Cathy
773	0		_080228 _dNational Association of Biology Teachers California _oS519 _tAmerican Biology Teacher, 80(9) Nov/Dec 2018 _x0002-7685
942			_2ddc _cBK